How to suppress undesired synchronization

How to suppress undesired synchronization

Examples of synchronization can be found in a wide range of phenomena such as neurons firing, lasers cascades, chemical reactions, and opinion formation. However, in many situations the formation of a coherent state is not pleasant and should be mitigated. For example, the onset of synchronization can be the root of epileptic seizures, traffic congestion in networks, and the collapse of constru...

How does methotrexate suppress inflammation?

Methotrexate remains the most widely used agent for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic inflammatory diseases. Although introduced as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of malignancies, it is clear that, in the doses used, the mechanism of action in the suppression of inflammation differs from simply suppression of purine and pyrimidine metabolism, resulting in inhib...

Cross metathesis of allyl alcohols: how to suppress and how to promote double bond isomerization.

Under standard conditions the cross metathesis of allyl alcohols and methyl acrylate is accompanied by the formation of ketones, resulting from uncontrolled and undesired double bond isomerization. By conducting the CM in the presence of phenol, the catalyst loading and the reaction time required for quantiative conversion can be reduced, and isomerization can be suppressed. On the other hand, ...

Games of Corruption : How to Suppress Illegal Logging 1 2

Games of corruption: how to suppress illegal logging.

Corruption is one of the most serious obstacles for ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation. In particular, more than half of the loss of forested area in many tropical countries is due to illegal logging, with corruption implicated in a lack of enforcement. Here we study an evolutionary game model to analyze the illegal harvesting of forest trees, coupled with the corruption of rule...